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Irregular heartbeat

An irregular heartbeat occurs when the heart does not beat in a regular, steady rhythm. This is also called an irregular heart rate or arrhythmia. If your heart rate is irregular, you may notice the following:

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• Your pulse seems irregular or “jumps.”
• Your pulse accelerates, even when you are at rest.
• Your pulse seems unusually slow some or most of the time.

The importance of checking the heartbeat

• An irregular heartbeat is often harmless, however, it is important to be checked by a cardiologist, as it is sometimes a sign of a heart problem.
• Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia, which may put you at greater risk of stroke.
• Fortunately, if you have atrial fibrillation, there is medication you can take to help reduce your risk of stroke.
• Your doctor can perform a simple test called an ECG (electrocardiogram) to further check your irregular heartbeat.

Maximum heart rate (MHR).

• Maximum heart rate is the highest heart rate achieved during maximal exercise.
• One simple way to calculate your maximum expected heart rate, uses this formula: 220 – your age = your maximum expected heart rate.
• Example, the expected maximum heart rate for a 40-year-old is 180 beats/min, 220 – 40 = 180 beats/min.
• There are other formulas that take into account differences in maximum heart rate with age and gender.
• The actual maximum heart rate is most accurately determined through a graded exercise test under medical supervision.
• Please note that some medications and medical conditions may affect your heart rate.
• If you are taking medications or have a medical condition (such as heart disease, high blood pressure, or diabetes), always ask your doctor if your maximum/target heart rate will be affected.
• If so, your doctor or exercise specialist should determine your heart rate ranges for exercise.

Target heart rate

• You can get the most benefits and minimize the risks when you exercise in your target heart rate zone.
• This usually occurs when the heart rate (pulse) during exercise is 60 to 80% of the maximum heart rate.
• In some cases, your cardiologist may reduce your target heart rate range to start at 50% of your maximum heart rate.
• In some cases, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) may be beneficial. This should be discussed with your cardiologist before starting.
• With HIIT, your heart rate zones may exceed 85% of your maximum heart rate.
• Always check with your cardiologist before starting an exercise program.
• Your doctor can help you find a program and target heart rate zone that matches your needs, goals, and physical condition.
• When you start an exercise program, you may need to gradually build up to a level that’s within your target heart rate range, especially if you haven’t exercised regularly before.
• If you feel that the exercise is too difficult, slow down the exercise. You will reduce the risk of injury and enjoy the exercise more if you do not try to overdo it.
• To see if you’re exercising in your target zone (between 60 and 80% of maximum heart rate), stop exercising and check your pulse for 10 seconds.
• If your pulse is lower than the target zone (see below), increase your exercise rate, but if your pulse is higher than your target zone, reduce your exercise rate.

What is your target area?

• These are the target heart rate zones according to age.
• At the age of 20 years, the target heart rate zone (60-85%) is 120 to 170 beats per minute.
• The expected maximum heart rate is 200 beats per minute.
• At the age of 25 years, the target heart rate zone (60-85%) is 117 to 166 beats per minute.
• The expected maximum heart rate is 195 beats per minute.
• At the age of 30 years, the target heart rate zone (60-85%) is 114 to 162 beats per minute.
• The expected maximum heart rate is 190 beats per minute.
• At the age of 35 years, the target heart rate zone (60-85%) is 111 to 157 beats per minute.
• The expected maximum heart rate is 185 beats per minute.
• At the age of 40 years, the target heart rate zone (60-85%) is 108 to 153 beats per minute.
• The expected maximum heart rate is 180 beats per minute.
• At the age of 45 years, the target heart rate zone (60-85%) is 105 to 149 beats per minute.
• The expected maximum heart rate is 175 beats per minute.
• At the age of 50 years, the target heart rate zone (60-85%) is 102 to 145 beats per minute.
• The expected maximum heart rate is 170 beats per minute.
• At the age of 55 years, the target heart rate zone (60-85%) is 99 to 140 beats per minute.
• The expected maximum heart rate is 165 beats per minute.
• At the age of 60 years, the target heart rate zone (60-85%) is 96 to 136 beats per minute.
• The expected maximum heart rate is 160 beats per minute.
• At the age of 65 years, the target heart rate zone (60-85%) is 93 to 132 beats per minute.
• The expected maximum heart rate is 155 beats per minute.
• At the age of 70 years, the target heart rate zone (60-85%) is 90 to 123 beats per minute.
• The expected maximum heart rate is 150 beats per minute.
• Actual values ​​are determined by graded exercise testing.
• This chart is based on the following formula: 220 – your age = expected maximum heart rate.

Heart palpitations

• Heart palpitations occur when you suddenly become aware that your heart is beating, usually in an irregular way.
• Sometimes you may feel it in your ears or chest when you are lying down.
• Your heart may feel very fast or very slow, as if it is fluttering.
• It is not uncommon to feel heart palpitations from time to time and they are often harmless.
• However, if you experience them regularly, consult your doctor.

Exercise and heart rate

• Like any other muscle, your heart needs exercise to keep it fit and healthy.
• Exercising regularly can help reduce the risk and likelihood of developing heart disease, as well as other diseases such as diabetes.
• To keep your heart healthy, you should aim for 150 minutes of low- to moderate-intensity exercise per week.
• If you have heart disease, talk to your doctor about exercises and target heart rates that are safe for you.
• One way to measure exercise intensity is to use heart rate.
• For exercise at low to moderate intensity, your heart rate should be 50 to 70% of your approximate maximum heart rate.
• The easiest way to get an approximate maximum heart rate (MHR) is to calculate 220 – your age.
• You will then need to account for 50 to 70% of your MHR.
• Remember that if you are taking medications to slow your heart rate, you may not be able to meet these higher heart rates, and the goal should be to exercise at a rate that causes you to inhale slightly.

Irregular heartbeat

• Arrhythmia occurs when your heart beats too fast, too slow, or in an irregular, irregular rhythm.
• Your heart contains an electrical system that sends messages to the heart muscle, telling it when to push blood around the body. This is the heartbeat.
• In most people, the heart beats at a constant rate of 60 to 100 times per minute.
• If you have a problem with your heart’s electrical system, messages to your heart muscle don’t happen at the right time. This can make your heart beat too fast, too slow, or in an irregular pattern.
• This is an irregular heartbeat. You may also hear it called an irregular heartbeat or a heart rhythm problem.

Common types of arrhythmia

There are several main types of arrhythmia or heart rhythm problems, including:

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• Rapid heartbeat (tachycardia).
• Slow heartbeat (bradycardia).
• Heart arrhythmia.
• Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of abnormal heart rhythm, causing an irregular, often rapid heartbeat.
• There are a number of other types of arrhythmia.
• Such as supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), which is an irregular heartbeat that begins at the top of the heart, above the lower chambers (ventricles).
• In supraventricular tachycardia, your heart rate suddenly increases to more than 100 beats per minute. This can happen when you are at rest or while exercising.
• Atrial flutter is a rapid heartbeat that begins in the upper chambers of the heart (atria).
• In atrial flutter, your atrium often beats at up to 300 beats per minute. The rhythm can be regular or irregular. It often occurs in people who also have atrial fibrillation.
• Ventricular tachycardia is an accelerated heartbeat that begins in the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles).
• An episode of ventricular tachycardia can start very quickly and last only a few seconds or minutes, or last longer.
• Sometimes ventricular tachycardia stops on its own, but if it persists, it should be treated as soon as possible because it puts you at risk of cardiac arrest.
• Ventricular fibrillation is a very rapid, life-threatening heart rhythm that causes the heart to “quiver” instead of pumping blood throughout the body. It can cause cardiac arrest.
• Long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome and Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome are heart diseases that cause a rapid, irregular heartbeat. This can sometimes lead to fainting spells or cardiac arrest.
• Heart block occurs when the electrical messages that tell your heart to beat are delayed or blocked.
• This causes your heart rate to be slow, less than 60 beats per minute. Types of heart block include atrioventricular (AV) heart block and fascicle block.
• Tachy Brady syndrome (sick sinus syndrome) is a problem with your heart’s sinus node (sometimes called your heart’s natural pacemaker), and it includes periods of very fast or very slow heartbeat.

At the end of our journey with a normal heartbeat, a normal heartbeat must be maintained, measured and monitored, and a cardiologist should be consulted immediately if it accelerates or slows down, as it may be a sign of a serious illness.