معلومات عن دواء فالسارتان لعلاج ضغط الدم المرتفع وآثاره الجانبية انظر حولك

Information about valsartan to treat high blood pressure and its side effectsValsartan is a prescription medication called an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), which is used to treat high blood pressure.

Valsartan has some side effects like other medications, which we will learn about in detail in our article today via: Article siteWe hope you have an enjoyable and useful read!

Information about valsartan to treat high blood pressure and its side effects

Valsartan is an orally active, non-peptide angiotensin II receptor blocker that acts on the AT1 receptor subtype.

We will list below Information about valsartan to treat high blood pressure and its side effects So keep reading.

Valsartan medication

• It is used for low blood pressure (hypertension) in adults and children, ages 6 to 16 years.
• Treats heart failure in adults. In these patients, valsartan may reduce the need for hospitalization caused by heart failure.
• It improves the chance of living longer – God willing – after a heart attack in adults.
• Valsartan is not for children under 6 years of age or children with certain kidney problems.

Side effects of valsartan

Valsartan may cause the following serious effects:

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• Injury or death to the fetus – when pregnancy is discovered, Valsartan must be discontinued as soon as possible, drugs that directly affect the renin-angiotensin system.
  • It may lead to injury and death to the developing fetus.
• Low blood pressure. Low blood pressure often occurs if you also take water pills, follow a low-salt diet, get dialysis treatments, have heart problems, or are sick with vomiting or diarrhea.
  • Lie down if you feel faint or dizzy and call your doctor immediately.
• Kidney problems. Kidney problems may get worse if you already suffer from kidney disease.
• Some patients will have changes in blood tests for kidney function and may need a lower dose of valsartan.
• Call your doctor if you have swelling in your feet, ankles, or hands or unexplained weight gain.
• If you have heart failure, your doctor should check your kidney function before prescribing valsartan.

The most common effects of valsartan for patients with high blood pressure

The most common effects of valsartan for treating people with high blood pressure include:

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• Headache.
• Dizziness.
• Flu symptoms.
• exhaustion.
• Stomach (abdominal) pain.

Side effects were generally mild and brief; In general, they did not cause patients to stop taking valsartan.

The most common effects for patients with heart failure

The most common side effects of valsartan for people with heart failure include:

• Dizziness.
• Low blood pressure.
• Diarrhea.
• Joint and back pain.
• exhaustion.
• High potassium in the blood.

Common side effects of valsartan, which is used to treat people after a heart attack caused by the drug, include:

• Low blood pressure.
• cough.
• High blood creatinine (low kidney function).
• Rush.

These are not all the possible side effects of Salvartan, and for the full list, you can ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Chemical and physical description of valsartan

Valsartan is chemically described as: N-(1-oxopentyl)-N-((2′-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl) (1,1′-biphenyl)-4 yl)methyl)-L-valine.

Its molecular formula is C24H29N5O3, its molecular weight is 435.5, and its structural formula is:

إقرأ أيضا:ضغط الدم المنخفض أسبابه وعلاجه وأعراضه انظر حولك

• Valsartan is a fine, white powder that is soluble in ethanol and methanol and slightly soluble in water.
• The medicine is available in the form of oral tablets, containing 40 mg, 80 mg, 160 mg or 320 mg of valsartan.
• The inactive ingredients of the tablets are colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
• Iron oxides (yellow, black, red), magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol 8000, and titanium dioxide.

Indications for using Valsartan

Other details of the topic include information about the drug valsartan to treat high blood pressure, and its side effects The reasons for using this medicine are:

Hypertension

• Valsartan is recommended to treat high blood pressure, as it works to lower blood pressure.
• Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease, especially stroke and myocardial infarction.
• Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular diseases, especially strokes and myocardial infarction.

Avoid high blood pressure

1. Review published guidelines, such as those of the Joint National Committee on High Blood Pressure Education for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC).
2. Many drugs that lower blood pressure, from a variety of pharmacological classes, and with different mechanisms of action have been shown.
3. In randomized controlled studies to reduce cardiovascular disease and mortality.
4. Medications, which are largely responsible for these benefits; The largest and most consistent benefit for cardiovascular outcomes was a reduced incidence of stroke.

heart attack

• Valsartan is indicated for the treatment of heart failure (NYHA class II-IV). In a controlled clinical trial, valsartan significantly reduced hospital admissions for heart failure.
• There is no evidence that valsartan provides additional benefits when used with an appropriate dose of ACE inhibitors.

Post myocardial infarction

• In clinically stable patients with left ventricular failure or left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction, valsartan is indicated, to reduce cardiovascular mortality.

Dosage and method of use of valsartan

Adult high blood pressure dose of valsartan

• The recommended starting dose of this medicine is 80 mg or 160 mg as a single dose every day, when used as monotherapy in patients who are not volume depleted.
• Patients who require greater reductions may also be started at a higher dose.
• This medication can be used over a dosage range of 80 mg to 320 mg per day, administered once a day.
• The hypotensive effect is largely present within two weeks, and the maximum is generally achieved after four weeks.
• If additional hypotensive effect over the starting dose range is needed, the dose may be increased to a maximum of 320 mg or a diuretic may be added.
• Adding a diuretic has a greater effect than raising the dose after 80 mg.
• It is not necessary to adjust the initial dose for elderly patients, or for patients with mild or moderate renal failure.
• Caution should be exercised when dosing valsartan in patients with severe hepatic or renal insufficiency.
• Valsartan can be given with other antihypertensive agents, and valsartan can be taken with or without food.
• Valsartan dosage for high blood pressure in children ages 6 to 16 years
• For children who can swallow tablets, the usual recommended starting dose is 1.3 mg/kg single dose each day (up to 40 mg total); The dose should be adjusted according to blood pressure response.
• Doses greater than 2.7 mg/kg (up to 160 mg) as a single dose every other day have not been studied in pediatric patients 6 to 16 years of age.
• For children who cannot swallow tablets, or children for whom the calculated dose (mg/kg) does not match the available tablet strength of valsartan, a suspension is recommended.

How to prepare the suspension (160 ml of 4 mg/ml suspension)

• Add 80 mL of Ora-Plus® Oral Suspension to an amber bottle containing 8 Valsartan 80 mg tablets, and shake for at least 2 minutes.
• Leave the suspension for at least one hour. Next, shake the suspension for at least an additional minute.
• Add 80 mL of Ora-Sweet SF® oral sweetener vehicle to the bottle and shake the suspension for at least 10 seconds to disperse the ingredients.
• The suspension is now homogeneous and can be stored, for up to 30 days at room temperature (below 30°C/86°F).
• Or up to 75 days in refrigerated conditions (2-8°C / 35-46°F), in a child-resistant screw-on bottle.
• Shake the container well (at least 10 seconds) before dispensing the suspension.

Cardiac arrest dose of valsartan

The recommended starting dose of this medication is 40 mg twice daily, which should be tolerated to 80 mg and 160 mg twice daily for the highest dose, as tolerated by the patient.

It is necessary to consider reducing the dose of accompanying diuretics. The maximum daily dose, which is given in clinical trials, is 320 mg, divided into doses.

Post-myocardial infarction dose

• Valsartan may be started as early as 12 hours after myocardial infarction. The recommended starting dose of valsartan is 20 mg twice daily.
• Patients can be increased within 7 days to 40 mg twice daily.
• With subsequent titrations to a target maintenance dose of 160 mg twice daily, according to patient tolerance.
• If symptomatic hypotension or impaired renal function occurs, consider dose reduction.
• Valsartan may be given with other standard post-myocardial infarction therapies, including anticoagulants, aspirin, beta-blockers, and statins.
• Important precautions and warnings when using valsartan

One of the most important elements within a topic Information about valsartan to treat high blood pressure and its side effects The precautions and warnings that you should pay attention to when using this medicine are:

Fetal toxicity

• The use of medications that act on the renin-angiotensin system during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy reduces the kidney function of the fetus and increases morbidity and mortality rates in the fetus and newborns.
• It is also possible that oligohydramnios may be associated with fetal lung hypoplasia and skeletal deformities.
• Potential adverse neonatal effects include cranial hypoplasia, anuria, low blood pressure, kidney failure, and death.
• Therefore, when pregnancy is detected, Vasartan should be stopped as soon as possible.

Excessive low blood pressure

• Excessive hypotension (0.1%) in patients with uncomplicated hypertension.
• In electrolyte-deficient patients taking high doses of diuretics, occasional hypotension may occur.
• This condition must be corrected before this medicine is given, or treatment should be initiated under close medical supervision.
• Caution should also be exercised when initiating treatment in patients with heart failure or post-myocardial infarction patients.
• Patients with heart failure or post-myocardial infarction patients treated with valsartan usually have some reduction in blood pressure.
• Discontinuation of treatment due to persistent low blood pressure is usually not necessary, as long as you follow the dosing instructions.
• If excessive hypotension occurs, the patient should be placed in the supine position.
• If necessary, give him normal saline solution into a vein.
• A transient hypotensive response is not a contraindication to further treatment, and can usually be continued without difficulty once blood pressure stabilizes.

Kidney dysfunction

• Changes in kidney function, including acute renal failure, can be caused by drugs that inhibit the reningiotensin system and diuretics.
• Patients whose renal function may be based in part on the activity of the renin-angiotensin system may be present.
• Kidney function should be monitored periodically in these patients.
• Withholding or discontinuing treatment in patients who experience a clinically significant decrease in renal function on valsartan should also be considered.

Hyperkalemia

• Some heart failure patients develop increases in potassium. These effects are usually minor and transient.
• May occur in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
• A dose reduction and/or discontinuation of valsartan may be required.

Children’s use

The antihypertensive effects of valsartan have been evaluated in two randomized, double-blind clinical studies

• Blinding in pediatric patients ages 1-5 and 6-16 years.
• The pharmacokinetics of valsartan were evaluated in pediatric patients, ages 1 to 16 years.
• Valsartan was generally well tolerated in children ages 6 to 16 years.
• In children and adolescents with high blood pressure, where underlying renal abnormalities may be more common.
• This medication is not recommended for use in pediatric patients younger than 6 years.

Aging use

• In controlled clinical trials of valsartan, it was 1214 (36.2%).
• Of the hypertensive patients treated with valsartan ≥65 years, 265 (7.9%) were ≥75 years.
• No overall difference in the efficacy or safety of valsartan was observed in this patient population.
  • However, it is not certain that we can rule out increased sensitivity in some older individuals.

renal failure

• The safety and effectiveness of this medication in patients with severe renal impairment (CrCl 30 mL/min) have not been established.

Liver impairment

• No dosage adjustment is required for patients with mild to moderate liver disease.

Excessive doses of valsartan

• Little data are available regarding overdose in humans.
• However, symptoms of overdose are often low blood pressure and tachycardia.
• as Bradycardia may occur from parasympathetic (vagal) stimulation Decreased level of consciousness, circulatory collapse, and shock have been reported.
• When symptomatic hypotension occurs, supportive treatment should be undertaken.

Contraindications for the use of Valsartan

1. Valsartan should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of its components.
2. Do not take aliskiren with valsartan in patients with diabetes.
3. You must consult your doctor before taking the medicine.
4. You should also tell your doctor about all the medications you are currently taking.

This was an overview of Information about the drug valsartan to treat high blood pressure and its side effects, At the end of this article, it should be noted that the patient is told to read the description of the drug by the Food and Drug Administration.